Aims:
The project assesses the spread of the deer ked into the north, its potential health effects on reindeer and cervids and possible control measures.
Results:
The deer ked has already spread to the southern border of the reindeer farming area. The first findings have been made on reindeer in the southern parts of the reindeer farming area. According to research the deer ked accepts the reindeer as a host and will multiply on it. The deer ked causes considerable harm to the reindeer and changes to the skin and coat. According to preliminary results the common parasitic medication for use on reindeer, Ivermectin, is effective also against deer ked.
Keywords:
deer ked, reindeer, elk
Responsible project leaders:
Kortet, Raine, Ph.D., University of Oulu;
Oksanen, Antti, Professor, Evira, Fish and Wildlife Health Research Unit
Person at Evira responsible for the project:
Oksanen, Antti, Professor, Fish and Wildlife Health Research Unit
In cooperation with:
University of Oulu;
University of Joensuu;
University of Helsinki;
University of Jyväskylä;
RKTL Finnish Game and Fisheries Research Institute;
METLA Finnish Forest Research Institute
Project status:
Previous
Year of commencement:
2007
Year of completion:
2012
Publications:
Lavikainen, A., Laaksonen, S., Beckmen, K., Oksanen, A., Isomursu, M., Meri, S. Molecular identification of Taenia spp. in wolves (Canis lupus), brown bears (Ursus arctos) and cervids from North Europe and Alaska. Parasitology International 2011: Vol. 60, No. 3, pp. 289-295.
Kynkäänniemi, S.-M., Kortet, R., Härkönen, L., Kaitala, A., Paakkonen, T., Mustonen, A.-M., Nieminen, P., Härkönen, S., Ylönen, Laaksonen, S.
Threat of an invasive parasitic fly, the deer ked (Lipoptenacervi), to the reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus): experimental infection and treatment.
Annales Zoologici Fennici 2010: 47, pp. 28-36.
Laaksonen, S., Saari, S., Nikander, S., Oksanen, A., Bain, O.
Lymphatic dwelling filarioid nematodes in reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus) in Finland identified as Rumenfilaria andersoni Lankester and Snider, 1982 (Splendidofilariinae).
Parasite 2010: Vol. 17, pp. 23-21.
Kaitala, A., Kortet, R., Härkönen, S., Laaksonen, S., Härkönen, L., Kaunisto, S., Ylönen, H. Deer ked; an ectoparasite of moose, in Finland.
Alces 2009, 45: 85-88.
Laaksonen S, Kortet R, Härkönen S, Ylönen H. Hirvikärpänen kiusaa myös koiria. Koiramme, 2009, 3:90-91.
Suomen Luonto. Hirven makuupaikkojen värjääntyminen yhteydessä hirvikärpäseen. Sirpa Kaunisto, Laura Härkönen, Sauli Laaksonen, Sauli Härkönen, Raine Kortet ja Hannu Ylönen. 2009
Kynkäänniemi S-M, Kortet R, Härkönen L, Kaitala A, Paakkonen T, Mustonen A-M, Nieminen P, Härkönen S, Ylönen H, Laaksonen S. Deer ked - a threat to reindeer herding? ?The 15th Nordic conference on reindeer and reindeer husbandry research, Luleå, Ruotsi. 26.1.-29.1.2009. Reindeer husbandry and surrounding world. Abstract and presentations. Rangifer Report No. 13, 2009.
R. Kortet, L. Härkönen1, P. Hokkanen, S. Härkönen, A. Kaitala, S. Kaunisto, S. Laaksonen, J. Kekaläinen and H. Ylönen. Experiments on the ectoparasitic deer ked that often attacks humans; preferences for body parts, colour and temperature. Bulletin of Entomological Research. Bull Entomol Res. 2009 Aug 24, 1-7.
Kynkäänniemi S-M, Kortet R, Härkönen L, Kaitala A, Laaksonen S. Deer ked ? a new ectoparasite for reindeer? The 31st International Ethological Conference, Rennes, France. 19.8.-24.8.2009. Abstract and poster.
Hirveän harmillinen hirvikärpänen – poron uusi vitsaus? Sauli Laaksonen, Arja Kaitala, Raine Korte, Sauli Härkönen, Hannu Ylönen. Poromies 2008, 3: 24-26.
Solismaa M, Laaksonen S, Nylund M, Pitkänen E, Airakorpi R, Oksanen A. 2008. Filarioid Nematodes in Cattle, Sheep and Horses in Finland. Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica, 2008, 50:1.
Hirvikärpänen – hirvieläinten ja ihmisten kiusa. Sauli Laaksonen, Raine Kortet, Sauli Härkönen, Hannu Ylönen, Ilpo Kojola. Metsästäjä. 2008. 5:76-78.
Laaksonen S, Kortet R, Härkönen S, Ylönen H. Hirvikärpänen – poron ja metsäpeuran uusi kiusa. Suomen Eläinlääkärilehti. 2008; 512-515.
Invasion of the moose ectoparasite Lipoptena cervi in Finland. Kaitala A, Kortet R, Härkönen S, Laaksonen S, and H Ylönen. Proceedings of the VIth International Moose Symposium. Yakutsk, Russia 14.-20.08.2008. pp. 37-39.
Kaunisto S, Kortet R, Härkönen L, Härkönen S, Ylönen H, Laaksonen S. New bedding site examination-based method to analyse deer ked (Lipoptena cervi) infection in cervids. Parasitol Res. 2009 Mar;104(4):919-25. Epub 2008 Dec 3
Hirvikärpänen –pelkkä riesako. Hannu Ylönen, Arja Kaitala, Sauli Härkönen, Sauli Laaksonen, Pekka Niemelä ja Vesa Ruusila. Metsästäjä 2007, 1:42.
Hirvikärpästutkimus hyvässä vauhdissa. Arja Kaitala, Sauli Härkönen, Sauli Laaksonen, Hannu Ylönen. Metsästäjä. 2007, 4: 60-62.
Härkönen, S., Kaitala, A., Laaksonen, S., Niemelä, P., Nieminen, P., Ruusila, V. & Ylönen, H. 2007. Deer ked (Lipoptena cervi) – well-known and unknown – a broadly-based interdisciplinary research project starting in Finland. 43rd Annual North American Moose Conference & Workshop. Moose in a changing landscape. Prince George, British Columbia, Canada, June 2–7, 2007. Conference schedule and Abstracts. pp. 27.
Deer ked – a threat to reindeer welfare? Laaksonen, S., Paakkonen, T., Kortet, R., Mustonen, A-M., Nieminen, P., Härkönen, L., Solismaa, M., Kaitala, A., Ylönen, H., Aho, J., and Härkönen, S. 1 ST NORDIC WORKSHOP. Biology, applied importance and current research on the deer ked November 26 – 27, 2007, Joensuu, Finland, Abstracts pp. 15-16.
Haematology and clinical chemistry of moose in deer ked-infested and deer ked-free regions Paakkonen, T., Nieminen, P., Mustonen, A-M., Laaksonen, S., Aho, J., Roininen, H., Niemelä, P., Asikainen, J., and Ruusila, V. 1 ST NORDIC WORKSHOP. Biology, applied importance and current research on the deer ked November 26 – 27, 2007, Joensuu, Finland. Absracts pp. 20.
Deer Ked Project – a broadly-based interdisciplinary research project in Finland Kaitala, A., Härkönen, S., Laaksonen, S., Niemelä, P., Nieminen, P., and Ylönen, H. 1 ST NORDIC WORKSHOP. Biology, applied importance and current research on the deer ked November 26 – 27, 2007, Joensuu, Finland. pp. 12-13.
Does climate constrain the invasion of the deer ked to the North? – a large scale transplant experiment of deer ked pupae Ylönen, H., Härkönen, L., Härkönen, S., Kaitala, A., Kaunisto, S., Kortet, R., and Laaksonen, S. 1 ST NORDIC WORKSHOP. Biology, applied importance and current research on the deer ked November 26 – 27, 2007, Joensuu, Finland. Abstract pp. 21.
Hirveän harmillinen hirvikärpänen. Sauli Laaksonen. Poromies 2006, 4: 6-7.
Project is financed by:
Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Development Fund Agriculture and Forestry (financing decision number Dnro. 4343/503/2006)